To provide some useful information about the control of air pollution in China, we studied the spatial-temporal characteristics of air pollution in China from 2001-2014. First, we drew several line charts and histograms of the Air Pollution Index (API) and Air Quality Index (AQI) of 31 capital cities and municipalities to research the distribution across different times and cities; then, we res...

In the present work, four trace metals, V, Ni, Cu and Fe, have been determined in five crude oil samples of Eastern Baghdad area, Iraq by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The crude oils are characterized with API gravity values in the range, 25 15. The V/Ni ratios for the studied crudes were in the range 3.7 to 5.4 and indicated a typical of the sapropelic-type organic matter. The Ni ...

physical and chemical properties of  crude oil, including viscosity and api gravity, are commonly inherited  from the  early organic matter, environmental conditions in which they were deposited and depth of burial of the source beds. api gravity increases in deeper burial due to higher thermal maturation of organic matter in the source rocks and consequently, generation of lighter saturated hy...

Accessibility analysis, examining people’s ability to access facilities and destinations, is a fundamental assessment for transport planning, policy making, and social exclusion research. Dynamic accessibility which measures accessibility in real-time traffic environment has been an advanced accessibility indicator in transport research. It is also a useful indicator to help travelers to unders...

Waste Low density polyethylenes (LDPE) represent a source of energy and valuablechemicals, were pyrolysed catalytically in a batch reactor under atmospheric pressure. Calciumcarbide was used as a catalyst to explore its effect on pyrolysis product distribution. The effect oftemperature, amount of catalyst and time on the yields of the pyrolysed products wasinvestigated. The effect of catalyst o...

in order to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of oils from upper sarvak and dariyan formations, 4 oil samples collected from reshadat and resalat oilfields were analyzed. physical properties of oils (e.g. the api gravity), indicates that dariyan oil in both resalat and reshadat oilfield is similar to (with low pour points and high sulfur contents) the oils from sarvak reservoir. ba...

Accurate estimation of reservoirs fluid properties, as vital tools of reservoir behavior simulation and reservoir economic investigations, seems to be necessary. In this study, two important properties of crude oil, bubble point pressure (Pb) and formation volume factor (Bob), were modelled on the basis of a number of basic oil properties: temperature, gas solubility, oil API gravity and gas sp...

Solvent separation is frequently applied to petroleum vacuum residues to reduce the coke-forming tendencies of these materials. This process is capable of removing all or a substantial amount of asphaltenes from feedstocks that are destined for further processing and thus applied as the first step of refining. Maltenes and asphaltenes obtained from vacuum residues of Heera (HVR) and Jodhpur (JV...